Guar Gum vs Avobenzone: which is worse?

What is Guar Gum?

Guar gum is a galactomannan polysaccharide extracted from guar beans (Cyamopsis tetragonoloba), grown primarily in India and Pakistan. It is a highly effective thickener — approximately 8 times more powerful than cornstarch — and functions as a dietary fiber. It is used extensively in food, pharmaceutical, and industrial applications.

What is Avobenzone?

Avobenzone (INCI: Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane) is a chemical UV filter that is the only FDA-approved broad-spectrum UVA-absorbing active sunscreen ingredient in the US that covers the full UVA spectrum (320–400 nm). It is inherently photounstable and must be combined with photostabilizers.

Documented risks

Guar Gum: Generally recognized as safe. At high doses (e.g., dietary supplement doses of 10–20 g/day), guar gum can cause flatulence, bloating, and diarrhea. Historically, concentrated guar gum dietary supplements were associated with esophageal obstruction, prompting the FDA to ban such supplements in 1992. At typical food additive use levels, no significant safety concerns have been identified. EFSA confirmed its safety as a food additive in 2017.

Avobenzone: Avobenzone is effective and considered safe at approved concentrations (up to 3% in US OTC sunscreens). A 2019 FDA study found that several sunscreen actives including avobenzone were systemically absorbed above the 0.5 ng/mL threshold after repeated use, triggering a call for additional safety data. This does not indicate harm, but the FDA requested more studies under its proposed sunscreen monograph. Current evidence supports its continued safe use. No clear endocrine disruption or carcinogenicity at human exposure levels is established.