Avobenzone vs Octisalate: which is worse?

What is Avobenzone?

Avobenzone (INCI: Butyl Methoxydibenzoylmethane) is a chemical UV filter that is the only FDA-approved broad-spectrum UVA-absorbing active sunscreen ingredient in the US that covers the full UVA spectrum (320–400 nm). It is inherently photounstable and must be combined with photostabilizers.

What is Octisalate?

Octisalate (INCI: Ethylhexyl Salicylate) is an oil-soluble UVB-absorbing chemical sunscreen active. It is primarily used as a UVB filter and photostabilizer for avobenzone.

Documented risks

Avobenzone: Avobenzone is effective and considered safe at approved concentrations (up to 3% in US OTC sunscreens). A 2019 FDA study found that several sunscreen actives including avobenzone were systemically absorbed above the 0.5 ng/mL threshold after repeated use, triggering a call for additional safety data. This does not indicate harm, but the FDA requested more studies under its proposed sunscreen monograph. Current evidence supports its continued safe use. No clear endocrine disruption or carcinogenicity at human exposure levels is established.

Octisalate: Octisalate is FDA-approved at up to 5% and EU-permitted at up to 5%. It has a good safety record and low sensitization rate. The 2019 FDA absorption study detected systemic absorption above the 0.5 ng/mL threshold, warranting further study. This does not indicate known harm. It is a salicylate; those with aspirin sensitivity should note the structural relationship, though reactions are rare.