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Quick answer: p-Phenylenediamine carries the heavier risk profile. Deoxyarbutin is restricted in the EU and allowed in the US; p-Phenylenediamine is restricted in the EU and allowed in the US.
| Property | Deoxyarbutin | p-Phenylenediamine |
|---|---|---|
| EU status | Restricted | Restricted |
| US status | Allowed | Allowed |
| Risk level | medium | high |
| Banned in | — | — |
| Restricted in | European Union | European Union |
| Category | cmr | cmr |
| Where it hides | skin-lightening cream | permanent hair dye, black henna tattoos |
Deoxyarbutin (Deoxyarbutin) is a skin-lightening agent that releases hydroquinone.
p-Phenylenediamine is a primary intermediate in permanent hair dye.
Deoxyarbutin: Releases hydroquinone; restricted in the EU.
p-Phenylenediamine: A potent allergen and sensitizer. Strictly concentration-limited in the EU; less tightly controlled in the US.
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