Ethylhexylglycerin vs Sodium Benzoate (Cosmetic): which is worse?

What is Ethylhexylglycerin?

Ethylhexylglycerin is a synthetic multifunctional ingredient derived from glycerin and 2-ethyl-1-hexanol. It functions as both a skin-conditioning humectant and a preservative booster, inhibiting bacterial growth by interfering with microbial amino acid transport.

What is Sodium Benzoate (Cosmetic)?

Sodium benzoate is the sodium salt of benzoic acid, used as a broad-spectrum antimicrobial preservative in cosmetics, personal care products, and food. In cosmetics it is most effective at acidic pH (<5.5), where it converts to the active benzoic acid form.

Documented risks

Ethylhexylglycerin: Ethylhexylglycerin is considered safe at cosmetic use concentrations. It is not classified as a preservative in the EU, so it does not face Annex V concentration limits. Contact sensitization is rare. There are no documented carcinogenic, mutagenic, or endocrine effects. It is widely accepted in clean beauty and natural cosmetics.

Sodium Benzoate (Cosmetic): Sodium benzoate is considered safe for cosmetic use by the CIR and EU SCCS at regulated concentrations (≤2.5% in EU cosmetics). It is a weak sensitizer and can cause urticaria (hives) in some sensitive individuals. At low cosmetic concentrations, systemic risk is negligible — it is rapidly metabolized and excreted. The concern about sodium benzoate + ascorbic acid forming benzene is food-specific and not relevant to most cosmetic applications.