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Quick answer: Both score equally on our risk model. Formaldehyde (free) is banned in the EU and allowed in the US; Hydroquinone is banned in the EU and allowed in the US.
| Property | Formaldehyde (free) | Hydroquinone |
|---|---|---|
| EU status | Banned | Banned |
| US status | Allowed | Allowed |
| Risk level | high | high |
| Banned in | European Union | European Union |
| Restricted in | — | — |
| Category | cmr | cmr |
| Where it hides | nail hardener, keratin treatment, eyelash glue | skin-lightening cream, dark-spot corrector |
Formaldehyde (free) is free formaldehyde used directly as a preservative and in salon hair treatments.
Hydroquinone is a skin-lightening agent that inhibits melanin production.
Formaldehyde (free): A known human carcinogen (IARC Group 1). Banned from direct use in EU cosmetics; allowed in US products with limited oversight.
Hydroquinone: Linked to ochronosis and possible carcinogenicity. Banned in EU cosmetics; sold over-the-counter in the US up to 2%.
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