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Quick answer: Sodium perborate carries the heavier risk profile. p-Phenylenediamine is restricted in the EU and allowed in the US; Sodium perborate is banned in the EU and allowed in the US.
| Property | p-Phenylenediamine | Sodium perborate |
|---|---|---|
| EU status | Restricted | Banned |
| US status | Allowed | Allowed |
| Risk level | high | high |
| Banned in | — | European Union |
| Restricted in | European Union | — |
| Category | cmr | cmr |
| Where it hides | permanent hair dye, black henna tattoos | hair bleach, whitening products |
p-Phenylenediamine is a primary intermediate in permanent hair dye.
Sodium perborate (Sodium Perborate) is a bleaching and oxidizing agent.
p-Phenylenediamine: A potent allergen and sensitizer. Strictly concentration-limited in the EU; less tightly controlled in the US.
Sodium perborate: A reproductive toxicant (borate); banned/restricted in EU cosmetics.
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